A country’s name can elicit incredible pride and patriotism in its inhabitants. The origins of those names can be varied and interesting. In this series we will explore the meaning behind the name of every country in the world. From Afghanistan. To Zimbabwe.
Afghanistan
We start our journey in Afghanistan which is one of the stans in Central Asia. The suffix stan can be traced back to Persian and means place of. Whereas the Afghan portion of the name relates back to ethnic pashtuns. Therefore together the Afghanistan means place or land of the pashtuns.
Albania
The name Albania likely refers back to the latinised name for the Albani who were an Illyrian tribe conquered by the Romans at the turn of the first millenia. Over time this developed while maintaining the same starting word structure. Historians noted cities like Albanopolis and Albanon around the 10th century AD. Modern day Albanians have refered to themselves as Shqipëri or Shqipëria since at least as early as the 17th century. This translates as Land of the Eagles and Children of the Eagles. Eagles are synomymous with Albania and relate back to an old folk talk in which a youth rescues a baby eagle from a snake. The eagle features heavily in Albanian culture and most obviously in their flag.
Algeria
Over to Africa now for the North African nation of Algeria. The name Algeria is taken from the nations capital of Algiers which has played several important roles in history as a phoenecian port, a carthaginian city before being claimed by the Roman empire, an Ottoman nation during the Islamic expansion through Africa and finally as a major hub for the French empire in Africa.
The base form of Alger is a French interpretation of the Arabic name Al Jazair which translates to The Islands. The islands refers to four islands that used to exist prior to 1525 before their became part of the mainland. The name Al Jazair is a shortened version of Algeria’s medieval name which was Jaza’ir Bani Mazghana or in English, The islands of the sons of Mazhana. The Mazhana was another name for the Sanhaja people, who would have lived in the area during the medieval age.
Andorra
The Name Andorra is of unknown origin, although there a few theories. The small european nation played a role in the punic wars standing against the Carthaginians. The greeks called the people who lived in the area, the Andosins. Another theory suggests that during the period of muslim iberia, it was named al-durra, arabic for the forrest. Other theories suggest it comes from the Navvaro word of andurrial, which means land covered with bushes.
A widely rejected folk story claims that King Charlemagn named the region Andorra in reference to the Cannanite valley of Endor discussed in the bible.
Angola
Angola was named by the portuguese during their occupation of the African region during the 16th century. The name is derived from the name of the king of Ndongo, which was the name of the region before colonosation. The kings were refered to as ngola’s of Ndongo.
Antigua and Barbuda
The word Antigua is Spanish for ancient. It was named by Christopher colombus as Santa Maria la Antigua, after a church in Seville, Spain. The island of Antigua is named Wadadli by those that live there and is a word from the indigenous Arawak peoples vocabulary. The word Barbuda is Spanish for bearded.
Argentina
Argentina is a South American nation and therefore it’d be safe to assume that Argentina comes from the Spanish language or the Portuguese language. However that’s not the case as the word actually comes from Italian. The word Argentina in Italian means made of silver. This is likely a reference to the Venetian and Genoese myth of there being mountains of silver.
Armenia
Armenia is known natively as Hayastan and will be one of the first of several stan nations that you’ll see on this list. The prefix stan is a Persian which means place of. The name Haya can be traced back to the 5th century in several great works of literature from the middle east. The name Haya comes from the name Hayk, who is viewed as the patriarch of the Aremnian people and also the great -great grandson of Noah from the story of the flood. Thus the term Hayastan means the place of hayks people. Now what about the exoynm Armenia? Quite similarly the name can be traced back to another of Noahs decescendants. Aram is a member of Noah and Hayks ancestral line. The ancient greeks refered to the nation as Armenia, the nation of the Aramites.
Australia
The ancient greeks referred to a hypothetical continent in the southern hemisphere known as Terra Australis or ‘The Southern Land’. When explorers landed on the continent in the 17th century, it was naturally refered to as Terra Australis. The name New Holand was used in the following century until in 1824 the name was changed to Australia due to it being more agreeable to the ear based on the suggestions of explorer Matthew Flinders.
Austria
The Name Austria is a latinised translation that comes from the German language name for the country Ostereich, which means the Eastern Realm or the Eastern Mark. The country was named as such because it was the Frankish kingdoms Eastern defences against the Avar invasion from the east. Charlemagne also supposedly refered to the nation as Avar Mark.
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan like most other nations in the middle east has a name that dates back to ancient times. Azerbaijan can be traced back to a persian governor of the archeminidian empire who controlled the region under Alexander the greats rule. The governor Atropates took his name from the greak phrase atropatan which means ‘protected by the holy fire’ or ‘The Land of the holy fire’
Thanks very much for watching! This series has been posted simultaneously on my main channel Tidus_Mino and my secondary channel Mino Productions. From June all non gaming videos will only be posted on Mino Productions, so if this is your thing, please do go and subscribe over there! The next episode will be posted next Sunday as we look at all the B’s! Until next time, bye!